#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright: (c) 2012, Dane Summers <[email protected]>
# Copyright: (c) 2013, Mike Grozak <[email protected]>
# Copyright: (c) 2013, Patrick Callahan <[email protected]>
# Copyright: (c) 2015, Evan Kaufman <[email protected]>
# Copyright: (c) 2015, Luca Berruti <[email protected]>
# GNU General Public License v3.0+ (see COPYING or https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt)
from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function
__metaclass__ = type
ANSIBLE_METADATA = {'metadata_version': '1.1',
'status': ['preview'],
'supported_by': 'community'}
DOCUMENTATION = r'''
---
module: cron
short_description: Manage cron.d and crontab entries
description:
- Use this module to manage crontab and environment variables entries. This module allows
you to create environment variables and named crontab entries, update, or delete them.
- 'When crontab jobs are managed: the module includes one line with the description of the
crontab entry C("#Ansible: <name>") corresponding to the "name" passed to the module,
which is used by future ansible/module calls to find/check the state. The "name"
parameter should be unique, and changing the "name" value will result in a new cron
task being created (or a different one being removed).'
- When environment variables are managed, no comment line is added, but, when the module
needs to find/check the state, it uses the "name" parameter to find the environment
variable definition line.
- When using symbols such as %, they must be properly escaped.
version_added: "0.9"
options:
name:
description:
- Description of a crontab entry or, if env is set, the name of environment variable.
- Required if C(state=absent).
- Note that if name is not set and C(state=present), then a
new crontab entry will always be created, regardless of existing ones.
- This parameter will always be required in future releases.
type: str
user:
description:
- The specific user whose crontab should be modified.
- When unset, this parameter defaults to using C(root).
type: str
job:
description:
- The command to execute or, if env is set, the value of environment variable.
- The command should not contain line breaks.
- Required if C(state=present).
type: str
aliases: [ value ]
state:
description:
- Whether to ensure the job or environment variable is present or absent.
type: str
choices: [ absent, present ]
default: present
cron_file:
description:
- If specified, uses this file instead of an individual user's crontab.
- If this is a relative path, it is interpreted with respect to I(/etc/cron.d).
- If it is absolute, it will typically be I(/etc/crontab).
- Many linux distros expect (and some require) the filename portion to consist solely
of upper- and lower-case letters, digits, underscores, and hyphens.
- To use the C(cron_file) parameter you must specify the C(user) as well.
type: str
backup:
description:
- If set, create a backup of the crontab before it is modified.
The location of the backup is returned in the C(backup_file) variable by this module.
type: bool
default: no
minute:
description:
- Minute when the job should run ( 0-59, *, */2, etc )
type: str
default: "*"
hour:
description:
- Hour when the job should run ( 0-23, *, */2, etc )
type: str
default: "*"
day:
description:
- Day of the month the job should run ( 1-31, *, */2, etc )
type: str
default: "*"
aliases: [ dom ]
month:
description:
- Month of the year the job should run ( 1-12, *, */2, etc )
type: str
default: "*"
weekday:
description:
- Day of the week that the job should run ( 0-6 for Sunday-Saturday, *, etc )
type: str
default: "*"
aliases: [ dow ]
reboot:
description:
- If the job should be run at reboot. This option is deprecated. Users should use special_time.
version_added: "1.0"
type: bool
default: no
special_time:
description:
- Special time specification nickname.
type: str
choices: [ annually, daily, hourly, monthly, reboot, weekly, yearly ]
version_added: "1.3"
disabled:
description:
- If the job should be disabled (commented out) in the crontab.
- Only has effect if C(state=present).
type: bool
default: no
version_added: "2.0"
env:
description:
- If set, manages a crontab's environment variable.
- New variables are added on top of crontab.
- C(name) and C(value) parameters are the name and the value of environment variable.
type: bool
default: no
version_added: "2.1"
insertafter:
description:
- Used with C(state=present) and C(env).
- If specified, the environment variable will be inserted after the declaration of specified environment variable.
type: str
version_added: "2.1"
insertbefore:
description:
- Used with C(state=present) and C(env).
- If specified, the environment variable will be inserted before the declaration of specified environment variable.
type: str
version_added: "2.1"
requirements:
- cron
author:
- Dane Summers (@dsummersl)
- Mike Grozak (@rhaido)
- Patrick Callahan (@dirtyharrycallahan)
- Evan Kaufman (@EvanK)
- Luca Berruti (@lberruti)
'''
EXAMPLES = r'''
- name: Ensure a job that runs at 2 and 5 exists. Creates an entry like "0 5,2 * * ls -alh > /dev/null"
cron:
name: "check dirs"
minute: "0"
hour: "5,2"
job: "ls -alh > /dev/null"
- name: 'Ensure an old job is no longer present. Removes any job that is prefixed by "#Ansible: an old job" from the crontab'
cron:
name: "an old job"
state: absent
- name: Creates an entry like "@reboot /some/job.sh"
cron:
name: "a job for reboot"
special_time: reboot
job: "/some/job.sh"
- name: Creates an entry like "PATH=/opt/bin" on top of crontab
cron:
name: PATH
env: yes
job: /opt/bin
- name: Creates an entry like "APP_HOME=/srv/app" and insert it after PATH declaration
cron:
name: APP_HOME
env: yes
job: /srv/app
insertafter: PATH
- name: Creates a cron file under /etc/cron.d
cron:
name: yum autoupdate
weekday: "2"
minute: "0"
hour: "12"
user: root
job: "YUMINTERACTIVE=0 /usr/sbin/yum-autoupdate"
cron_file: ansible_yum-autoupdate
- name: Removes a cron file from under /etc/cron.d
cron:
name: "yum autoupdate"
cron_file: ansible_yum-autoupdate
state: absent
- name: Removes "APP_HOME" environment variable from crontab
cron:
name: APP_HOME
env: yes
state: absent
'''
import os
import platform
import pwd
import re
import sys
import tempfile
from ansible.module_utils.basic import AnsibleModule, get_platform
from ansible.module_utils.common.text.converters import to_bytes, to_native
from ansible.module_utils.six.moves import shlex_quote
class CronTabError(Exception):
pass
class CronTab(object):
"""
CronTab object to write time based crontab file
user - the user of the crontab (defaults to root)
cron_file - a cron file under /etc/cron.d, or an absolute path
"""
def __init__(self, module, user=None, cron_file=None):
self.module = module
self.user = user
self.root = (os.getuid() == 0)
self.lines = None
self.ansible = "#Ansible: "
self.n_existing = ''
self.cron_cmd = self.module.get_bin_path('crontab', required=True)
if cron_file:
if os.path.isabs(cron_file):
self.cron_file = cron_file
self.b_cron_file = to_bytes(cron_file, errors='surrogate_or_strict')
else:
self.cron_file = os.path.join('/etc/cron.d', cron_file)
self.b_cron_file = os.path.join(b'/etc/cron.d', to_bytes(cron_file, errors='surrogate_or_strict'))
else:
self.cron_file = None
self.read()
def read(self):
# Read in the crontab from the system
self.lines = []
if self.cron_file:
# read the cronfile
try:
f = open(self.b_cron_file, 'rb')
self.n_existing = to_native(f.read(), errors='surrogate_or_strict')
self.lines = self.n_existing.splitlines()
f.close()
except IOError:
# cron file does not exist
return
except Exception:
raise CronTabError("Unexpected error:", sys.exc_info()[0])
else:
# using safely quoted shell for now, but this really should be two non-shell calls instead. FIXME
(rc, out, err) = self.module.run_command(self._read_user_execute(), use_unsafe_shell=True)
if rc != 0 and rc != 1: # 1 can mean that there are no jobs.
raise CronTabError("Unable to read crontab")
self.n_existing = out
lines = out.splitlines()
count = 0
for l in lines:
if count > 2 or (not re.match(r'# DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - edit the master and reinstall.', l) and
not re.match(r'# \(/tmp/.*installed on.*\)', l) and
not re.match(r'# \(.*version.*\)', l)):
self.lines.append(l)
else:
pattern = re.escape(l) + '[\r\n]?'
self.n_existing = re.sub(pattern, '', self.n_existing, 1)
count += 1
def is_empty(self):
if len(self.lines) == 0:
return True
else:
return False
def write(self, backup_file=None):
"""
Write the crontab to the system. Saves all information.
"""
if backup_file:
fileh = open(backup_file, 'wb')
elif self.cron_file:
fileh = open(self.b_cron_file, 'wb')
else:
filed, path = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix='crontab')
os.chmod(path, int('0644', 8))
fileh = os.fdopen(filed, 'wb')
fileh.write(to_bytes(self.render()))
fileh.close()
# return if making a backup
if backup_file:
return
# Add the entire crontab back to the user crontab
if not self.cron_file:
# quoting shell args for now but really this should be two non-shell calls. FIXME
(rc, out, err) = self.module.run_command(self._write_execute(path), use_unsafe_shell=True)
os.unlink(path)
if rc != 0:
self.module.fail_json(msg=err)
# set SELinux permissions
if self.module.selinux_enabled() and self.cron_file:
self.module.set_default_selinux_context(self.cron_file, False)
def do_comment(self, name):
return "%s%s" % (self.ansible, name)
def add_job(self, name, job):
# Add the comment
self.lines.append(self.do_comment(name))
# Add the job
self.lines.append("%s" % (job))
def update_job(self, name, job):
return self._update_job(name, job, self.do_add_job)
def do_add_job(self, lines, comment, job):
lines.append(comment)
lines.append("%s" % (job))
def remove_job(self, name):
return self._update_job(name, "", self.do_remove_job)
def do_remove_job(self, lines, comment, job):
return None
def add_env(self, decl, insertafter=None, insertbefore=None):
if not (insertafter or insertbefore):
self.lines.insert(0, decl)
return
if insertafter:
other_name = insertafter
elif insertbefore:
other_name = insertbefore
other_decl = self.find_env(other_name)
if len(other_decl) > 0:
if insertafter:
index = other_decl[0] + 1
elif insertbefore:
index = other_decl[0]
self.lines.insert(index, decl)
return
self.module.fail_json(msg="Variable named '%s' not found." % other_name)
def update_env(self, name, decl):
return self._update_env(name, decl, self.do_add_env)
def do_add_env(self, lines, decl):
lines.append(decl)
def remove_env(self, name):
return self._update_env(name, '', self.do_remove_env)
def do_remove_env(self, lines, decl):
return None
def remove_job_file(self):
try:
os.unlink(self.cron_file)
return True
except OSError:
# cron file does not exist
return False
except Exception:
raise CronTabError("Unexpected error:", sys.exc_info()[0])
def find_job(self, name, job=None):
# attempt to find job by 'Ansible:' header comment
comment = None
for l in self.lines:
if comment is not None:
if comment == name:
return [comment, l]
else:
comment = None
elif re.match(r'%s' % self.ansible, l):
comment = re.sub(r'%s' % self.ansible, '', l)
# failing that, attempt to find job by exact match
if job:
for i, l in enumerate(self.lines):
if l == job:
# if no leading ansible header, insert one
if not re.match(r'%s' % self.ansible, self.lines[i - 1]):
self.lines.insert(i, self.do_comment(name))
return [self.lines[i], l, True]
# if a leading blank ansible header AND job has a name, update header
elif name and self.lines[i - 1] == self.do_comment(None):
self.lines[i - 1] = self.do_comment(name)
return [self.lines[i - 1], l, True]
return []
def find_env(self, name):
for index, l in enumerate(self.lines):
if re.match(r'^%s=' % name, l):
return [index, l]
return []
def get_cron_job(self, minute, hour, day, month, weekday, job, special, disabled):
# normalize any leading/trailing newlines (ansible/ansible-modules-core#3791)
job = job.strip('\r\n')
if disabled:
disable_prefix = '#'
else:
disable_prefix = ''
if special:
if self.cron_file:
return "%s@%s %s %s" % (disable_prefix, special, self.user, job)
else:
return "%s@%s %s" % (disable_prefix, special, job)
else:
if self.cron_file:
return "%s%s %s %s %s %s %s %s" % (disable_prefix, minute, hour, day, month, weekday, self.user, job)
else:
return "%s%s %s %s %s %s %s" % (disable_prefix, minute, hour, day, month, weekday, job)
def get_jobnames(self):
jobnames = []
for l in self.lines:
if re.match(r'%s' % self.ansible, l):
jobnames.append(re.sub(r'%s' % self.ansible, '', l))
return jobnames
def get_envnames(self):
envnames = []
for l in self.lines:
if re.match(r'^\S+=', l):
envnames.append(l.split('=')[0])
return envnames
def _update_job(self, name, job, addlinesfunction):
ansiblename = self.do_comment(name)
newlines = []
comment = None
for l in self.lines:
if comment is not None:
addlinesfunction(newlines, comment, job)
comment = None
elif l == ansiblename:
comment = l
else:
newlines.append(l)
self.lines = newlines
if len(newlines) == 0:
return True
else:
return False # TODO add some more error testing
def _update_env(self, name, decl, addenvfunction):
newlines = []
for l in self.lines:
if re.match(r'^%s=' % name, l):
addenvfunction(newlines, decl)
else:
newlines.append(l)
self.lines = newlines
def render(self):
"""
Render this crontab as it would be in the crontab.
"""
crons = []
for cron in self.lines:
crons.append(cron)
result = '\n'.join(crons)
if result:
result = result.rstrip('\r\n') + '\n'
return result
def _read_user_execute(self):
"""
Returns the command line for reading a crontab
"""
user = ''
if self.user:
if platform.system() == 'SunOS':
return "su %s -c '%s -l'" % (shlex_quote(self.user), shlex_quote(self.cron_cmd))
elif platform.system() == 'AIX':
return "%s -l %s" % (shlex_quote(self.cron_cmd), shlex_quote(self.user))
elif platform.system() == 'HP-UX':
return "%s %s %s" % (self.cron_cmd, '-l', shlex_quote(self.user))
elif pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0] != self.user:
user = '-u %s' % shlex_quote(self.user)
return "%s %s %s" % (self.cron_cmd, user, '-l')
def _write_execute(self, path):
"""
Return the command line for writing a crontab
"""
user = ''
if self.user:
if platform.system() in ['SunOS', 'HP-UX', 'AIX']:
return "chown %s %s ; su '%s' -c '%s %s'" % (
shlex_quote(self.user), shlex_quote(path), shlex_quote(self.user), self.cron_cmd, shlex_quote(path))
elif pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0] != self.user:
user = '-u %s' % shlex_quote(self.user)
return "%s %s %s" % (self.cron_cmd, user, shlex_quote(path))
def main():
# The following example playbooks:
#
# - cron: name="check dirs" hour="5,2" job="ls -alh > /dev/null"
#
# - name: do the job
# cron: name="do the job" hour="5,2" job="/some/dir/job.sh"
#
# - name: no job
# cron: name="an old job" state=absent
#
# - name: sets env
# cron: name="PATH" env=yes value="/bin:/usr/bin"
#
# Would produce:
# PATH=/bin:/usr/bin
# # Ansible: check dirs
# * * 5,2 * * ls -alh > /dev/null
# # Ansible: do the job
# * * 5,2 * * /some/dir/job.sh
module = AnsibleModule(
argument_spec=dict(
name=dict(type='str'),
user=dict(type='str'),
job=dict(type='str', aliases=['value']),
cron_file=dict(type='str'),
state=dict(type='str', default='present', choices=['present', 'absent']),
backup=dict(type='bool', default=False),
minute=dict(type='str', default='*'),
hour=dict(type='str', default='*'),
day=dict(type='str', default='*', aliases=['dom']),
month=dict(type='str', default='*'),
weekday=dict(type='str', default='*', aliases=['dow']),
reboot=dict(type='bool', default=False),
special_time=dict(type='str', choices=["reboot", "yearly", "annually", "monthly", "weekly", "daily", "hourly"]),
disabled=dict(type='bool', default=False),
env=dict(type='bool'),
insertafter=dict(type='str'),
insertbefore=dict(type='str'),
),
supports_check_mode=True,
mutually_exclusive=[
['reboot', 'special_time'],
['insertafter', 'insertbefore'],
],
)
name = module.params['name']
user = module.params['user']
job = module.params['job']
cron_file = module.params['cron_file']
state = module.params['state']
backup = module.params['backup']
minute = module.params['minute']
hour = module.params['hour']
day = module.params['day']
month = module.params['month']
weekday = module.params['weekday']
reboot = module.params['reboot']
special_time = module.params['special_time']
disabled = module.params['disabled']
env = module.params['env']
insertafter = module.params['insertafter']
insertbefore = module.params['insertbefore']
do_install = state == 'present'
changed = False
res_args = dict()
warnings = list()
if cron_file:
cron_file_basename = os.path.basename(cron_file)
if not re.search(r'^[A-Z0-9_-]+$', cron_file_basename, re.I):
warnings.append('Filename portion of cron_file ("%s") should consist' % cron_file_basename +
' solely of upper- and lower-case letters, digits, underscores, and hyphens')
# Ensure all files generated are only writable by the owning user. Primarily relevant for the cron_file option.
os.umask(int('022', 8))
crontab = CronTab(module, user, cron_file)
module.debug('cron instantiated - name: "%s"' % name)
if not name:
module.deprecate(
msg="The 'name' parameter will be required in future releases.",
version='2.12'
)
if reboot:
module.deprecate(
msg="The 'reboot' parameter will be removed in future releases. Use 'special_time' option instead.",
version='2.12'
)
if module._diff:
diff = dict()
diff['before'] = crontab.n_existing
if crontab.cron_file:
diff['before_header'] = crontab.cron_file
else:
if crontab.user:
diff['before_header'] = 'crontab for user "%s"' % crontab.user
else:
diff['before_header'] = 'crontab'
# --- user input validation ---
if (special_time or reboot) and \
(True in [(x != '*') for x in [minute, hour, day, month, weekday]]):
module.fail_json(msg="You must specify time and date fields or special time.")
# cannot support special_time on solaris
if (special_time or reboot) and get_platform() == 'SunOS':
module.fail_json(msg="Solaris does not support special_time=... or @reboot")
if cron_file and do_install:
if not user:
module.fail_json(msg="To use cron_file=... parameter you must specify user=... as well")
if job is None and do_install:
module.fail_json(msg="You must specify 'job' to install a new cron job or variable")
if (insertafter or insertbefore) and not env and do_install:
module.fail_json(msg="Insertafter and insertbefore parameters are valid only with env=yes")
if reboot:
special_time = "reboot"
# if requested make a backup before making a change
if backup and not module.check_mode:
(backuph, backup_file) = tempfile.mkstemp(prefix='crontab')
crontab.write(backup_file)
if crontab.cron_file and not name and not do_install:
if module._diff:
diff['after'] = ''
diff['after_header'] = '/dev/null'
else:
diff = dict()
if module.check_mode:
changed = os.path.isfile(crontab.cron_file)
else:
changed = crontab.remove_job_file()
module.exit_json(changed=changed, cron_file=cron_file, state=state, diff=diff)
if env:
if ' ' in name:
module.fail_json(msg="Invalid name for environment variable")
decl = '%s="%s"' % (name, job)
old_decl = crontab.find_env(name)
if do_install:
if len(old_decl) == 0:
crontab.add_env(decl, insertafter, insertbefore)
changed = True
if len(old_decl) > 0 and old_decl[1] != decl:
crontab.update_env(name, decl)
changed = True
else:
if len(old_decl) > 0:
crontab.remove_env(name)
changed = True
else:
if do_install:
for char in ['\r', '\n']:
if char in job.strip('\r\n'):
warnings.append('Job should not contain line breaks')
break
job = crontab.get_cron_job(minute, hour, day, month, weekday, job, special_time, disabled)
old_job = crontab.find_job(name, job)
if len(old_job) == 0:
crontab.add_job(name, job)
changed = True
if len(old_job) > 0 and old_job[1] != job:
crontab.update_job(name, job)
changed = True
if len(old_job) > 2:
crontab.update_job(name, job)
changed = True
else:
old_job = crontab.find_job(name)
if len(old_job) > 0:
crontab.remove_job(name)
changed = True
# no changes to env/job, but existing crontab needs a terminating newline
if not changed and crontab.n_existing != '':
if not (crontab.n_existing.endswith('\r') or crontab.n_existing.endswith('\n')):
changed = True
res_args = dict(
jobs=crontab.get_jobnames(),
envs=crontab.get_envnames(),
warnings=warnings,
changed=changed
)
if changed:
if not module.check_mode:
crontab.write()
if module._diff:
diff['after'] = crontab.render()
if crontab.cron_file:
diff['after_header'] = crontab.cron_file
else:
if crontab.user:
diff['after_header'] = 'crontab for user "%s"' % crontab.user
else:
diff['after_header'] = 'crontab'
res_args['diff'] = diff
# retain the backup only if crontab or cron file have changed
if backup and not module.check_mode:
if changed:
res_args['backup_file'] = backup_file
else:
os.unlink(backup_file)
if cron_file:
res_args['cron_file'] = cron_file
module.exit_json(**res_args)
# --- should never get here
module.exit_json(msg="Unable to execute cron task.")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
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